- Tantrums are a normal developmental stage, often occurring when young children have strong emotions but limited language to express them.
- Common triggers include unmet basic needs (hunger, fatigue, overstimulation), desire for independence, and inability to communicate wants or feelings.
- Prevention strategies: maintaining consistent routines, ensuring adequate food and sleep, and balancing busy times with quiet periods.
- Parents can help by modeling emotional language—labeling feelings like “mad” or “frustrated”—to build a child’s emotional vocabulary.
- During a tantrum, parents should stay calm, use minimal words, allow space if needed, and wait until after the tantrum to discuss feelings and behavior.
How to Manage and Avoid Tantrums
Understanding why tantrums happen and how to respond calmly can help parents guide their children through big emotions more effectively.

Nina Sand-Loud, MD, Child Development