Watch

Causes of Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is autoimmune: It is caused by the immune system mistakenly attacking insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, resulting in insulin deficiency.
Not caused by lifestyle or fault: T1D is not due to diet, exercise, or any past actions; it is often described as "luck of the draw," and education is important to reduce guilt and misunderstanding.
Genetic and environmental factors: Certain genes (e.g., in the HLA region) increase susceptibility, and environmental triggers like viruses may initiate autoimmune attacks in genetically predisposed individuals.
Associated autoimmune diseases: T1D frequently coexists with other autoimmune conditions such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, Graves’ disease, Addison’s disease, and celiac disease, which can affect prognosis and management.
Support for children: Educating families about the cause and supporting children to live full, healthy lives despite the diagnosis is essential.

Topics